Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Dual impact of squalene-adjuvanted influenza vaccine on immunity and glucose homeostasis in obese mice

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-35917-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: The percentages of T cell populations in visceral fat after A/PR8 challenge. Spleen and epididymal fat samples were collected at 3 weeks post infection. Spot-counting for IFN-γ/IL-4 -secreting spleen cells by ELISpot assay after stimulating with split A/PR8 vaccine and representative walls were shown ( A ). T cell populations in epididymal fat were determined by flow cytometry ( B ). All data were shown in mean ± SEM. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA was performed. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001 between the indicated groups ( n = 4/group). The experiments were performed independently in duplicate ( n = 4/group), and the representative data are presented.

Article Snippet: Cytokines in the BALF and lung extracts were measured using a TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12 p40 Mouse Uncoated ELISA Kit (Invitrogen), and interferon (IFN)- γ, IL-4 DuoSet ELISA kit (R&D system) according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Infection, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, Flow Cytometry